A white plastic bottle of supplements is tipped on its side, with the lid open. A large pile of translucent, golden-yellow soft gel capsules (likely fish oil or other vitamin supplements) has spilled out onto a dark, reflective surface.

Getting Enough Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Food

Getting enough omega-3 fatty acids—especially EPA and DHA—is tough if fish isn’t your go-to. Here’s a simple, science-grounded guide to which seafoods deliver the most omega-3s, how much you really need, and when a supplement helps you reach protective levels.

Why Your Daily Omega-3 Target Matters

If your goal is heart- and brain-protective omega-3 levels, aim for ~800–1200 mg of EPA+DHA per day. You can meet that with fatty fish, supplements, or a combination. Diets low in EPA+DHA are common; testing and topping up (see “Omega-3 Index” below) can close the gap.

The Best Seafood Sources of EPA + DHA

Not all seafoods are equal. These options pack the biggest omega-3 punch per cooked 3.5-oz (≈100 g) serving:

  • Herring: ~1,828 mg EPA+DHA

  • Salmon: ~1,825 mg EPA+DHA

  • Tuna: ~1,474 mg EPA+DHA

  • Mackerel: ~1,279 mg EPA+DHA

  • Shrimp: Popular, but much lower in omega-3s

Quick math: one serving of salmon or herring already gets you well over the daily 800–1200 mg goal.

Why Most People Still Fall Short

Even though seafood is a powerhouse, U.S. consumption lags far behind other proteins. Only about 1 in 5 adults eats seafood twice weekly, and many have it less than once a month. Shoppers say they need help with freshness, origin, and how to cook—and over a third want nutrition info at the counter.

How Retailers (and You) Can Win

  • Ask for harvest location and harvest date

  • Choose non-fried preparations

  • Learn two easy methods (sheet-pan bake, pan-sear) and rotate species

Two Fish Meals May Not Be Enough

Emerging evidence suggests that 1–2 seafood meals/week often doesn’t raise omega-3 status to the protective range. In a large free-living analysis:

  • People who ate no fish and took no omega-3 supplement averaged an Omega-3 Index ≈ 4.1% (low).

  • Those who ate ~3 non-fried fish meals/week and used an EPA+DHA supplement averaged ≈ 8.1% (cardioprotective).

What Is the Omega-3 Index?

Your Omega-3 Index measures EPA+DHA in red blood cells.

  • Goal: ≥ 8% (associated with lower risk of fatal heart events)

  • Typical Western levels: < 6%, often ~4%

Action step: Test, adjust intake, and retest in ~3 months.

A Simple Weekly Plan to Hit 800–1200 mg/day

Option A: Food-First

  • 2–3 fatty fish meals/week (e.g., salmon, herring, mackerel, sardines)

  • Mix in tuna (preferably pole-and-line, skipjack for lower mercury)

Option B: Hybrid (Most Practical)

  • 2 fatty fish meals/week + a daily EPA+DHA supplement (check the label; count EPA + DHA, not “fish oil” grams)

Option C: Supplement-Forward

  • If you rarely eat fish, use a daily fish-, krill-, or algal-oil supplement that delivers 800–1200 mg EPA+DHA total.

Tip: The Supplement Facts panel should list EPA and DHA amounts. Add them to see your true daily dose.

Smarter Seafood Shopping & Prep (H3)

  • Choose oily fish more often; keep lean white fish for variety

  • Prefer baked, grilled, or pan-seared over fried

  • Stock canned salmon, sardines, or tuna for quick, affordable omega-3s

  • Ask your counter for recipe cards and origin/sustainability details

Diet Quality Still Rules

Globally, poor diet patterns (too few whole grains, fruits, nuts/seeds, and seafood omega-3s; too much sodium and ultra-processed foods) drive cardio-metabolic risk. Elevate seafood as part of an overall whole-food, minimally processed pattern for the biggest payoff.

Bottom Line (H3)

  • Target 800–1200 mg EPA+DHA daily

  • Prioritize fatty fish; support with a quality supplement if needed

  • Test your Omega-3 Index and personalize intake to reach ≥ 8%

  • Keep seafood non-fried and on repeat—your heart, brain, and eyes will thank you